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October 18, 2024

What You Should Know For The Transition To A2L Refrigerants

In 2025, the A2L standard for HVAC refrigerants mandates a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of under 700. The
low GWP of A2L refrigerants can increase system efficiency and lower emissions by reducing energy consumption.
While slightly more flammable than A1s like R-410A, A2Ls are significantly safer than A3s such as propane.

A2L Cylinders

You can easily identify A2L cylinders by several
distinctive attributes compared to current models:

  • Left-handed threading (requires use of adapters)
  • Gray cylinders with a red band on the top
  • Equipped with pressure release valves instead of
    rupture discs (to enhance safety during handling
    and storage)

Sell-Through Categories

  • PRODUCT: Packaged units (commercial and
    residential), window units, PTACs, etc.: 3-year
    sell-through timeline.
  • SYSTEMS: Split units installed, connected and
    charged onsite (residential, commercial and ductless): 1-year sell-through timeline.
  • COMPONENTS: Split units and parts used for service and repairs (condensers, coils, parts, etc.): no specific sell-through limit.
  • Split system inventory will start transitioning beginning in late summer/early fall 2024, and packaged equipment winter 2024 into Q1 of 2025.

R-410A products are not compatible with A2L products and cannot be matched together. A2L equipment will have built-in or field-installed safety features to mitigate refrigerant leak situations. There is no one standard in refrigerants in this transition—R-454B and R-32 will be the main ones used by manufacturers.


Myths Vs. Facts

MYTH: A2Ls are “new” and “untested”.
FACT: A2L refrigerants have been used globally in HVAC systems and in US appliances, automobiles and small HVAC applications for years. Over 90% of new cars and many window units and appliances today use A2L refrigerants.

MYTH: New A2L refrigerants are propane-based.
FACT: A2L refrigerants do NOT contain hydrocarbons or propane.

MYTH: These new refrigerants are highly flammable
and dangerous.
FACT: A2Ls are classified as “mildly flammable” due to
higher flammability limits, higher ignition energy levels
and lower heat of combustion compared to propane
or acetylene. With proper safety protocols, tools and
practices, the transition to A2Ls is not as hazardous
as perceived.

MYTH: I need to buy all new tools.
FACT: While some tools like vacuum pumps, recovery machines and older manifolds may need to be replaced, many A2L-ready products are already in use. Check your inventory for compatibility. Some digital tools might only need a software upgrade, while others might require additional adapters or accessories.

MYTH: We need to redo our EPA exam to handle A2L equipment.

FACT: Current EPA Section 608 certification holders are grandfathered in and do not need to retake the exam. Continuing education on A2L safety and service is encouraged.


A2L Tool Compatibility

Service ToolA2L Compatibility
Analog Gauge Manifold Needs to Reflect Saturation Temps (R-32/R-454B/R-410A)
Digital Gauge Manifold/Probes May Need to Update Software to Include A2L Refrigerants
Charging Hoses No Change Needed, but A2L Hoses Available with Left-Handed Thread Adapter Included
Torque WrenchNo Change
Flaring ToolNo Change
Pipe CutterNo Change
Pipe BenderNo Change
Hex WrenchNo Change
Ventilation Fan (if Low Ventilation)No Change
ScalesNo Change
Vacuum PumpSwitch Located Away from Work Zone, or A2L Compatible One
Fire Extinguisher Chemical Compatible for A2L Refrigerants (Class B Dry Powder)
Gas Detector Need A2L Compliant
Electronic Leak Detector Need A2L Compliant
Refrigerant Recovery Cylinder Need A2L Compliant (Left-Handed Thread, GHS Label)
Recovery Machine Need A2L Compliant
Electric Hand Tools Non-Sparking Recommended

Products you need to know for A2L

Reverse thread adapters are needed for refrigerant access to R-32 and R-454B reverse threaded cylinders.